School of Education and Social Sciences

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ADULT MALE PARTICIPATION IN MALE YOUTH MENTORSHIP AS INTERVENED BY AGE AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND
(JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC RESEARCH FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY, 2017-12-11) KINUVA POCYLINE,KARIUKI PRISCILLA,MUKURIA GATHOGO
This article is part of a wider study that underscored the significance of Kajiado County adult male participation in formal male youth mentorship as dictated upon by their differing ages and cultural background. The study further examined the effectiveness of this participation in enhancing male youth self-esteem and connectedness. Thirteen mentors and fifty two male youth were purposively selected from Kiserian town. The five point Likert-like scale scores for determining the participation of adult male in mentoring male youth were: Strongly agree (SA) = 5; Agree (A) = 4; No opinion (NO) = 3; Disagree (D) = 2; Strongly disagree (SD) = 1. High participation therefore = (37- 45); moderate participation = (28-36); fair participation = (19-27); low participation = (9-18). Two Focused Group Discussions were conducted. The analysis established only moderately involvement of adult males (M=33.84). The variances in this participation nonetheless, were insignificantly interposed by the mentors’ age F(10,2) = 4.51, p= .195 and cultural background F(10,2) = 3.33, p=.253. Based on these findings, the researcher recommends that the creation of awareness on the significance and prospect of men-men mentorship be carried out. Besides, mobilizing and training male adults for mentorship is imperative.
Global Journal of Arts Humanity and Social Sciences
(GSAR Publishers, 2023-05-10) Mayende Banda Godfrey, Babere Kerata Chacha, Waweru Peter
This paper was extracted from a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (History) Thesis that was submitted to Graduate School of Laikipia University, Kenya in March 2023. The overall objective of the research was to interrogate mortuary and funerary practices among the Bukusu of Western Kenya in a historical perspective and it was contended that death rituals in this community play significant role of aiding the transformation of individuals from the earthly life to immortal state. In this paper, the inalienability of death and human sexuality has been argued from a miraculous perspective of transmitting life through sexual intercourse and the transformation of the same life to immortality through death. In other words, death in itself is not an end to the earthly life but rather a stage at which the said earthly life was transformed into immortal nature that was expected to last forever. Arising from the above foregoing, the Bukusu people were very cautious when handling death and human sexuality and for this reason, they developed important death rituals that guided sexual affairs upon the occurrence of death
Internal Control Systems and Financial Performance of Public Institutions of Higher Learining in Vihiga County, Kenya
(IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 2018-04-23) Kisanyanya Govedi Andrew
Most public institutions of higher learning across the world have reported suboptimal financial performance compared to private institutions of higher learning. The poor financial performance can be attributed to financial management practice. The sound financial management practices require the institutions of robust internal control systems. However, there are limited empirical research findings regarding the relationship between the internal control system and financial performance. The specific objectives of the study were: to determine the effect of control activities, risk assessment, control environment, information and communication and monitoring on financial performance of institutions of higher learning in Vihiga County, Kenya. The study was anchored on agency theory, stewardship theory, positive accounting theory and attribution theory. The study used a descriptive research design. The target population of respondents was 140 employees in the four institutions studied whereas the sample size was 96 employees. Primary data was collected from sample population using semi-structured questionnaires. Descriptive and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data. The study found that the institutions had adequate and effective control activities which included regular internal audit reports, adequate segregation of duties in the finance and accounts departments and physical controls to prevent excess allocated funds. Control activities were found to have a positive significant effect on the financial performance of the institutions under study. The study found that the institutions under study had proper risk assessment tools and risk assessment management system because they carried out continuous financial assessment of their organizations coupled with regular, timely and profound audits. Risk assessment was found to have a positive significant effect on the financial performance of the institutions under study. The study established that the institutions had effective control environment. The number of staff in finance and audit departments was adequate and well trained on accounting and financial management system. Control environment was found to have a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of the institutions under study. The study found that the institutions had effective flow of information and communication channels. In addition, the study found that effective flow of information and communication enhanced financial accountability and financial performance of the institutions. The expenditure of the institutions was properly monitored and audit departments were independent. Financial monitoring was found to have a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of the institutions under study. To the management of the public institutions of higher learning, the study recommends regular and timely financial audit to help them identify any loop holes in their financial systems as well as financial performance
Kinuva & Kariuki’s 2018 Save Mentorship Model
(IOSR Journal of Humanities And Social Science, 2020-07-20) Kinuva Wanjiru
Background: Mentoring is vital because it makes it possible for mentees to gain knowledge and skills from mentors in order to enhance their psychosocial well-being. Self-esteem and connectedness are two important measures of psychosocial health. The SAVE mentorship model was developed for a quasi-experimental study. The study titled “Effectiveness of Adult Male Participation in Formal Mentorship on Male Youth Self-esteem and Connectedness” was conducted at Kiserian Town of Kajiado County in Kenya. Method: Three mentorship models were analytically reviewed but none was found suitable for the study. Self awareness was promoted throughout the mentoring process for both the mentors and mentees. Self-awareness is crucial for both the mentor and mentee as it fosters growth. Appropriate selection and matching helped to create a mentorshipThe mentors were assessed for their experience in mentorship and for coaching in readiness for the speed mentorship. Because their experiences wereinsufficient, they were coached.After this the process of mentorship commenced. Evaluation was conducted at the end of the process to determine whether the mentorship process was successful and if transference of learning had taken place. Results: the study‟ findings were positive. The mentorship was successful. Coaching the mentors on self awareness and on social skills was helpful for them and their mentees. The self-esteem and connectedness of the mentees increased significantly. The mentors and mentees agreed there was need for follow-up. Conclusion: Formal mentorship works in enhancing psychosocial well-being. SAVE mentorship model helped in making the mentorship process have a flow and enable monitoring and evaluation.
Persistence of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) Among the Maasai Community in Kajiado County – Kenya2-0
(IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 2022-02) Kinuva Wanjiru ,Ngundo Bibiana ,Mvumbi Frederic ,Parmuat Lanoi
Female circumcision also referred to as Female Genital Mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is a valued tradition in the communities where it is practiced globally. There are many reasons why FGM/C should have been eliminated among the Maasai community in Kenya by now. These factors include the consequences of the practice, the awareness of the consequences by the community members and the numerous efforts made by the Government and Non-profit making organizations to end the practice. However, the practice still persists. This paper therefore set out to establish the reasons behind the persistence of FGM/C among the Maasai community in Kajiado County in Kenya. The study employed a descriptive survey approach that works both for qualitative and quantitative designs in order to assess the contribution of Free Pentecostal Fellowship of Kenya (FPFK) to the fight against FGM/C in Kajiado County in South Rift region of Kenya. The estimated target population was about 1162 from which a sample of 200 respondents was drawn using both probabilistic and non-probabilistic sampling techniques. Despite the community understanding FGM/C and their awareness of the consequences of FGM/C, the study established a lack of appreciation of just how detrimental FGM/C is to Maasai girls and women. Instead, the community still considers it a normal and indispensible rite of passage for the girl child. The study also found fathers to be most key in the proliferation FGM/C; and should therefore be targeted in the fight against FGM/C.
Role of Internal Audit as a tool for Public Financial Management in County Governments in Kenya: A case of Vihiga County Government
(KAG EAST UNIVERSITY, 2020-05-25) Kisanyanya Govedi Andrew
In attempting to sufficiently discharge their responsibilities, internal auditors often find themselves in a deviating position. For instance, they appeal to senior management within the organization, but they are anticipated to evaluate the conducts and effectiveness of the management in objective manner. While internal audit can be used in order to assist management in order to instill a strong ethical tone in the entire organization, a poor attitude by the management can make it hard for the internal auditor to support ethical behavior. Disagreements in different internal auditing roles in promoting public financial management have not gone away with contradicting opinions on how internal audit is expected to perform some activities, with some citing a positive effect and some saying it has very minimal effect if any. The objective of this study was to investigate the roles of internal audit in public financial management in the public sector in Kenya with special focus on the County Government of Vihiga. A descriptive cross-sectional design method was preferred for this study. The target population of this study was the finance department employees of Vihiga County Government where a sample of 53 employees was used. The study collected primary data on the current state of affairs of the County Government. The main instrument for data collection was by use of organized questionnaires. The research was qualitative in nature. This insinuates that descriptive statistics was used. The study found that internal control had the greatest effect on public financial management within Vihiga County Government followed by risk management internal audit independence complemented the two roles. The study suggested that in order for the county government to be effective in its operation and service delivery they should acknowledge contribution of internal auditing. Additionally, the study suggested that for the County Governments to be able to effectively lessen risks they should put in place a strong internal auditing function in its operation. The study also recommended that all County Governments should institute internal controls in its operation to curb various financial losses and enhance optimization of revenues collected. In a similar manner, the study suggested that county governments to endure internal auditing as a tool for effective internal controls so as to realize their objectives set with ease
THE ADOPTION STATUS OF DAIRY FARMING TECHNOLOGIES BY RURAL WOMEN IN KHWISERO, KAKAMEGA COUNTY
(JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC RESEARCH FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY, 2020-09-09) KINUVA WANJIRU ,WANJAMA LEAH,KAMAU PAULINE
The study from which this paper is drawn was carried out in 2017 at Khwisero sub county, Kakamega County in Kenya. The study aimed to establish the status of adoption of dairy technologies by the rural female farmers in the location of study. It employed a descriptive survey research design to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. The target population for the study comprised all women who were dairy farmers in the cooperative group in Kwisero. Random sampling was used to sample location and sub-location and to select 72 respondents from the target of 720. The findings indicated that the adoption of dairy farming technologies by women farmers was low. The technologies in question included exotic dairy cows, high production fodder crops such as nappier grass, mullato and sweet potatoes vines; coupled with the preservation of these fodders. It could also be ascertained that low status of adoption was due to family preferences and unavailable disposable resources to meet immediate family needs as well as the complexity of managing dairy farming technologies. This was resultant to most women being left out in decision making concerning land and activity allocated to it. The household gender differences have an influence on women’s capability of dairy technology’s choices and capacity to adopt. The study therefore recommended that implementers should note the different roles played by women and men as well as involvement of both genders in the dairy farming technologies calendar. This would go a long way in aiding technological awareness processes and improve the status of adoption.
The Effect of Macro-Economic Variables on Growth in Real Estate Investment in Kenya
(IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 2020-05-24) Kisanyanya Govedi Andrew,Juma Mercylyne
The Real Estate industry has increasingly attracted the attention of investors in the recent past. With such increase, it has been expected that the industry will significantly grow and thus fulfill its role in provision of substantive returns as well as the basic need of housing in Kenya. This has not been the case and thus this study sought to establish the effect of macro-economic variables on growth in real estate investment in Kenya given they are key in the growth of the industry. The study followed a descriptive research design. The study used secondary data on annual real estate investments growth as computed from the Hass Consult. The study obtained the secondary data on the selected macro-economic variables including average annual Exchange Rate (Ksh/USD) (%), average annual growth in Diaspora Remittances (%), average annual growth in Money Supply (M3) (%), average annual Inflation Rate (%), average annual GDP growth (%). The data on macro economic variables was obtained from Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS). The data sets covered the period 2000-2013. The data was summarized or/and analyzed using excel spread sheets and statistical package for social sciences. The findings were summarized in graphs and tables. Regression analysis was conducted in order to establish various inferential statistics; R, R-Square, P-Value and F-Test statistics to determine the relationship, strength of the relationship and the statistical significance of the model. Notably, at least one or more of the selected macro-economic variables and the real estate growth declined over the periods; 2002-2005, 2007-2010, and 2011-2013. These periods were just before, during or/and the years immediate to national elections. It is therefore worthy noting that the politics around and during the electioneering period have an adverse effect on most macro-economic variables, which in turn adversely affects real estate investments growth in the country. Furthermore, the study established a strong positive relationship between the selected macro-economic variables; Exchange Rate fluctuations, Growth in Diaspora Remittances, Growth in Money Supply, Inflations, and GDP Growth since R and R-Square was 0.872 and 0.761 respectively and because their corresponding coefficients were positive. These results were supported by both P-Value and F-test statistics. However, P-Values corresponding to each of the macro-economic variables indicate that the variables were insignificant on their own in influence real estate growth. The study concludes that there is a strong positive relationship between the macro-economic variables and real estate investment growth. Also, the study concludes that growth in; exchange rate, diaspora remittances, money in circulation, inflation rate, and real GDP growth do not individually influence the growth in real estate investment in the country, but the combination effect of the change of the macro-economic variables do influence real estate growth. It is therefore recommended that policy makers and planners plan in advance to be able to Manage Exchange rates and inflation rates. Proper and peaceful political environment should be encouraged at all election periods to cut on the adverse effects of bad political environment to the economy.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ADULT MALE MENTORSHIP PARTICIPATION IN AUGMENTING MALE YOUTH SELF-ESTEEM AND CONNECTEDNESS
(International Journal of Innovative Research and Knowledge Volume-3, 2018-02-02) KINUVA POCYLINE,KARIUKI PRISCILLA,MUKURIA GATHOGO
The study explored the effectiveness of formal mentorship in augmenting male youth mentee self-esteem and connectedness. Diminished self-esteem and unhealthy relations with age mates can lead to erosion of male youth social capital; these can be mitigated through mentorship by adult males. The study conducted in 2017 at Kiserian Town of Kajiado County in Kenya; employed qualitative and quantitative procedures using a quasi-experimental research design with treatment and control groups of 26 mentees each, from different age and tribal cohorts. A pretest and posttest questionnaire was administered, each immediately followed by a Focused Group Discussion. The items for assessing connectedness had a five point Likert type scale with Strongly agree (SA) = 5; Agree (A) = 4; No opinion (NO) = 3; Disagree (D) = 2; Strongly disagree (SD) = 1. High connectedness fell in the range of 33 – 40 points; 25 – 32 points indicated moderate connectedness; fair connectedness (17 -24); and low connectedness (8 - 16). The Rosenberg’s Self- Esteem Scale was employed in the measurement of the mentees’ self-esteem. ANCOVA analysis indicated that the speed mentoring improvedmentees’ self-esteem considerably by 7.89 points (F(1,49)94.851, p=.001). Further, male youth connectedness also increased by 8.81 points (F(1,49)=181.878, p=.001). The researcher therefore drew the conclusion that the participation of male adults in formal mentoring definitely increased male youth self-esteem and connectedness. On the strength of these findings, a recommendation was made to the Kajiado County government to create opportunities for male mentors to formally mentor male youth.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ADULT MALE PARTICIPATION IN FORMAL MENTORSHIP ON MALE YOUTH SELF ESTEEM AS REFEREED BY MENTEE AGE AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE, 2019-09-09) Kinuva Wanjiru ,Changwony Dinah
The question that this article seeks to answer is if the age and cultural background of a male youth interferes with the effectiveness of formal mentorship. The study from which this article is drawn employed a quasi - experimental design with a control group in determining the effectiveness of adult male participation in formal mentorship on male youth self-esteem and connectedness. The study participants were 52 mentees and 13 adult male mentors. They were drawn from Kiserian town in Kajiado North and Kajiado West constituencies of Kajiado County, Kenya. The mentees were out of school male youth aged between 15 and 23 years, from different cultural backgrounds in Kenya who live in Kiserian Township. Post-test results showed that mentees’ self-esteem improved by 7.89 points (from 16.81 to 24.70). The study though, confirmed that the divergent mentees’ post-test self-esteem means were not significantly different across age categories at F(2, 23) = 1.311, p =.289. The ANOVA analysis results however indicated that cultural background had an impact on the effectiveness of mentorship on self-esteem; F (7, 18) = 2.675, p=0.044. The paper therefore concludes that though a mentee’s age may not significantly impact on the effectiveness of mentorship on self-esteem, the cultural background can/may. Recommendations are made for mentorship be made available for all male youth but studies be conducted to find out what aspects of the different cultural background make this intercept on self-esteem possible.
The Impact of Adult Male Participation in Formal Mentorship on Male Youth Connectedness as Influenced by Age and Cultural Background of Mentee
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE, 2020-05-05) Kinuva Wanjiru
The study from which this article is drawn employed a quasi - experimental design with a control group in determining the effectiveness of adult male participation in formal mentorship on male youth self-esteem and connectedness. This article addresses the impact of age and cultural background of male youth on the effectiveness of formal mentorship. The study involved 52 male youth and 13 adult male mentors. These participants were selected from Kiserian town in Kajiado North and Kajiado West constituencies of Kajiado County. The 52 mentees were aged between 15 and 23 years from different cultural backgrounds in Kenya who live in Kiserian Township. After mentorship, the male youth connectedness mean subsequently went up from 29.31 (moderate connectedness) to 38.12 (high connectedness). This is a difference of 8.81 points in improved male youth connectedness. The hypothesis stating that male youth connectedness as enhanced through mentorship is significantly refereed by their age (F (2, 23) =.275, p =.762) and cultural background (F(7,18) =1.102, p =.403) was therefore rejected at α =0.05. This is because the connectedness increase was not statistically significant across the male youth ages and cultural background. This article therefore concludes that a mentee’s age and cultural background may not significantly impact on the effectiveness of mentorship on their connectedness. Recommendations are therefore made for adult male mentors to pay attention to coaching male youth on social skills that will enable them to make, keep and utilize healthy value-based relationships for their psychosocial wellbeing.
Working Capital Management and Profitability of Manufacturing Companies Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya
(KAG EAST UNIVERSITY, 2020-05-25) Kisanyanya Govedi Andrew
The study sought to examine the relationship between working capital management and financial performance of the manufacturing companies listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. There are a total of 9 firms; Flame Tree group Limited, East African Breweries Limited, Carbacid investments, Eveready East Africa, BOC Kenya, Mumias Sugar, Unga group, British American Tobacco and Kenya Orchads. Secondary data from the published reports and audited financial reports covering a span of five years from 2012-2016 of listed firms was used in conducting the study. The collected data was cleaned for consistency in preparation for analysis. The analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics in analyzing the data. Regression analysis and Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between working capital management and the financial performance. The study established that there exists a strong relationship between working capital management and financial performance. The study further established that working capital management explains 31.9% of the changes in financial performance of the firms listed at the NSE. The study established that the management of listed firms can create value for their shareholders by reducing the average collection period of accounts receivable. The management can also create value for their shareholders by increasing the inventory turnover so as to buffer against unforeseen shortages and delays in the manufacturing process. The study also concludes that managers can create value for their shareholders by making prompt payments to creditors to increase their credit worthiness and reputation. The study also found out that firms are capable of gaining sustainable competitive advantage by means of effective and efficient utilization of resources of the organization through a careful reduction of the cash conversion cycle. In so doing, the profitability of firms is expected to increase

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